简介:以氢化钛、氢化钇、氧化铁和Fe-Cr-W气雾化预合金粉末为原料,通过球磨得到Fe-14Cr-3W-0.5Ti-0.31Y-0.22O合金粉末,经压制、烧结制备出纳米氧化物弥散强化铁素体合金。采用激光粒度仪、XRD、SEM和TEM表征粉末和预烧坯的显微结构。研究结果表明,粉末粒径随球磨时间增加呈先增大后下降,冷焊主导变形机制向破碎主导机制的转变点发生在球磨24h。XRD谱显示氢化物和氧化铁均已溶解于铁素体基体,48h球磨粉末没有发现第二相粒子的存在。球磨48h后过饱和的Y、Ti、O铁素体固溶体在随后的加热过程中析出尺寸为5nm左右的弥散相颗粒,这种第二相粒子非常稳定,即使1200℃保温8h仍不发生明显长大,起着强烈钉扎位错的作用。
简介:Inthiswork,boththethermalexpansionandelectricalconductivityofnanocrystallineLa2Mo2O9werestudied.ThenanocrystallinepowderofLa2Mo2O9wasobtainedbysol-gelmethod,andwiththehelpofSHP(superhighpressure)upto4.5×104atmat700℃forashorttime,andthenanocrystallinepowderwasdensifiedwithoutobviousparticlesizegrowth.TheelectricalconductivityofnanocrystallineLa2Mo2O9wasoneorderofmagnitudelowerthanthatofthemicrocrystallinesampleatthesametemperature.Owingtothephasetransition,themicrocrystallineLa2Mo2O9hasanabruptincreaseofthermalexpansionwithapeakvalueof48×10-6K-1at556℃.Forthenanocrystallinematerial,thepeakvalueincreasesto112×10-6K-1at520℃.Ontheotherhand,above600℃thesignificantgrowthofparticlesizeofthenanocrystallineLa2Mo2O9wasobserved,accompanyingbyatremendousincreaseofthermalexpansionwithapeakvalueofthirdhigherthanthatofLa2Mo2O9.
简介:Basedonthethermodynamicallyself-consistentanalysisandoptimizationofthreesub-binarysystemsoftheternarysystemPrCl3-CaCl2-MgCl2,thethermodynamicsofthisternarysystemhasbeenstudied.UsingHillertmodelandtakingMgCl2asanasymmetriccomponent,thePrCl3-CaCl2-MgCl2phasediagramhasbeencalculated.Theagreementbetweencalculatedandmeasuredcompositionsandtemperaturesatdeflectingpointsonliquidusisgood.Thesystemisasimpleeutecticonewithaeutecticpointat26.0mol%PrCl3,41.5mol%CaCl2,32.5mol%MgCl2;560℃(calculated)and26.0mol%PrCl3,39.4mol%CaCl2,34.6mol%MgCl2;546℃(measured),respectively.
简介:TheZrO2-Al2O3ceramiccompositeswerepreparedbyappropriatetechniqueswithcommercialZrO2andAl2O3powdersasrawmaterialsandY2O3asstabilizer.TheresultsindicatethatwiththeintroductionofAl2O3intotheZrO2matrixwherethequantityofadditiveY2O3is3.5%(molefraction),thegrowthofZrO2grainsisefficientlyinhibited,whichhelpstheZrO2grainsexistinametastabletetragonalmanner;thushigherstrengthandtoughnessareacquired.Whenthecontentofaluminais20%(massfraction),thebendingstrengthandfracturetoughnessofthecompositesare676.7MPaand10MPa·m1/2respectively,themechanicalbehaviorsareclosetothosepreparedwithZrO2andAl2O3powderssynthesizedthroughwetchemicalapproach.Themechanicalbehaviorsofthecompositesarewellimprovedowingtothedispersiontougheningofaluminagrainsandphasetransformationtougheningofzirconiagrains.
简介:Differentrareearth(RE)ionsdopantswereaddedintotheSrAl2SiO7:Eu2+phosphorsinordertoenhancethephosphorescenceproperties,andtheeffectoftheREionsincludingYb3+,Ce3+,Nd3+,Dy3+andTm3+,wascomparativelyinvestigated.ItwasfoundthatNd3+additionimprovedthephosphorescencepropertiesobviouslyamongallthestudiedREions.Therefore,Sr1.96–xAl2SiO7:xEu2+,yNd3+phosphorswerestudiedindetail,andtheoptimumEu2+andNd3+concentrationsweredeterminedwiththeafterglowtimeofabout20min.Thephasestructures,photoluminescence(PL)properties,long-lastingphosphorescence(LLP)properties,afterglowdecaycurvesandthermo-luminescence(TL)fortheselectedphosphorsduringthecorrespondingstudywereinvestigated.AllthephosphorsexhibitedgreenPLemissionandLLPemission.ThereweretwoTLbandslocatedatabout325and380Kforthestudiedsamples,andtherelationshipbetweenREadditionandphosphorescencepropertieswasdiscussed.
简介:FluorescencespectraofSm2+andEu2+→Sm2+energytransferwerestudiedinSrB4O7.Thereappearsonlyfluorescencefrom5D0transitionofSm2+at77K.Thevibroniclinesassociatedwith5D0→7F0transitionwereobserved.Thethermalpopulationtoupperstatesof5D1and4f5dlevelsfrom5D0givesriseto5D1→7FJand5d→4fradiativetransitionsofSin2+athighertemperature.
简介:Reactionof(MeC5H4)3LnwithHOCH2CH2NMe2intetrahydrofuran(THF)givesthenewcomplexes[(MeC5H4)2Ln(μ-OCH2CH2NMe2)]2(Ln=Sm,Y,Nd)withnitrogenfunctionalizedμ-alkoxideligand.ThecomplexeswerecharacterizedbyelementalanalysisandIR,and[(MeC5H4)2Sm(μ-OCH2CH2NMe2)]2wasstructurallycharacterizedbytheX-raydiffractiontobeadimerformedbytwounsymmetricoxygenbridges.ThecomplexhasatricyclicskeletonwiththeadditionaltwoSm-NbondsviaintramolecularcoordinationofOCH2CH2NMe2.ThecoordinationnumberofthecentralmetalSmisnine.Thetitlecomplexesshowgoodcatalyticactivityforring-openingpolymerizationofε-caprolactone.
简介:在甲烷(POM)的部分氧化的催化活动和稳定性混合方法的CeO2-ZrO2和-Al2O3的影响在Ni/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2-Al2O3催化剂上被调查。催化剂被XRD,TPR,H2-chemsorption,和TG-DTA描绘。为新鲜催化剂,结果证明混合催化剂(原子)的盐先锋比混合方法(摩尔)和机械地混合方法(MECH)的粉末的催促的人准备的催化剂介绍了更好的性能。XRD的结果建议在在原子样品的CeO2-ZrO2和Al2O3之间的相互作用比其它强壮,它导致了更多的格子缺点和从而更好的起始的活动。而且,MECH样品在24h稳定性测试有最好的稳定性和最少的焦炭免职。TPR和H2-chemsorption的结果显示在MECH样品的Ni-Al的亲密接触提高了抵抗焦炭免职和金属sintering的能力。
简介:采用化学共沉淀法来制备ITO纳米粉末,探讨了反应终点pH值(分别为7,8及9)和煅烧温度(分别为350℃,650℃,750cc及850℃)对ITO粉体性能的影响,借助TG—DSC、XRD、SEM、HRTEM、FT-IR等分析手段对粉体进行了表征。得到如下结论:在液相中加入硅酸钠,反应温度为60℃,反应终点pH值为8,老化制度为60min,煅烧制度为750℃/2h的工艺条件下,所制得的ITO纳米粉不含SnO2相,呈显著的单相结构,是一种立方结构的In2O3固溶体;粉体粒径在30—60nm之间,比表面积为34.26m^3/g,形貌为近球形,颗粒均匀,且分散性能良好,在波数840—3164cm。范围内对红外光的反射率高达66%~94%。
简介:以硝酸银为原料,用N,N-二甲基甲酰胺溶剂作还原剂,聚酰胺酸(polyamicacid,Phi)为稳定剂,制备金属银纳米粒子。利用红外光谱分析银纳米粒子的形成对PAA结构的影响;用X射线衍射确定银/PAA复合粉末中银粒子的结晶状态;用紫外一可见吸收光谱实时检测不同PAA质量浓度的溶液中纳米粒子的等离子体共振吸收情况;用透射电镜观察银纳米粒子的形状和大小。结果表明:银纳米粒子的生成对PAA的分子结构几乎没有影响;银纳米粒子具有很好的结晶度;紫外一可见吸收光谱出现明显的不对称双峰;银纳米粒子长大是奥斯特瓦尔成熟过程,制备的银纳米粒子具有较好的形貌,呈软团聚多晶态。
简介:以溶胶-喷雾干燥-热还原制备的纳米晶W-Cu复合粉末为原料,通过球磨改性、叠层压制和一步液相烧结分别制备3种两层梯度复合细晶W-Cu材料(W-10Cu/W-30Cu,W-20Cu/W-30Cu和W-30Cu/W-50Cu),对其致密度、组织成分特征及界面结合性能进行研究与分析。结果表明:3种梯度材料各均质层都达到高致密(相对密度〉98%);梯度材料具有明显的梯度组织,界面结合完好,Cu相呈连续网状结构,包裹在均匀分布的细小W晶粒周围;成分呈阶梯式变化,各层成分因Cu相的迁移和流失与初始设计值有一定的偏差;材料力学性能呈现梯度性,界面显微硬度处在两层显微硬度之间,结合强度高于各自富Cu层的拉伸强度,表明纳米复合W-Cu功能梯度材料各成分层之间有着优良的结合性。
简介:以二水醋酸锌(Zn(CH3COO)2·2H2O)和氢氧化钠(NaOH)为主要原料,在十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)2种表面活性剂的协同作用下,170℃水热制备花状ZnO纳米粉末。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)和荧光光谱(FTR)对该粉末进行表征,并研究CTAB与SDBS的配比以及反应时间对氧化锌形貌的影响。结果表明:2种表面活性剂按4:1的比例(物质的量比)配合使用,可充分发挥协同作用,在反应时间为1~5h条件下所得ZnO为六方相的花状结构,直径约2~3μm,这些微米花由厚度均一的纳米片组装而成。反应时间延长至10h时,花体开始塌陷,部分纳米片脱落。荧光光谱分析表明所得氧化锌微晶在紫外区和可见光区都有发射峰;紫外区发射峰的荧光强度随反应时间延长而降低,可见光区发射峰在反应时间为2h时荧光强度最大。
简介:采用Al片和SiO2粉末为原料,以H2为保护气氛,通过气相沉积方法合成Al2O3纳米片。采用XRD、SEM、TEM和EDS等分析表征手段研究合成的Al2O3纳米片的物相组成、显微形貌和微区成分。结果表明:合成的Al2O3纳米片具有光滑平整的表面,厚度为100-300nm,具有完好的菱方六面体结构。通过纳米压痕仪对合成的α-Al2O3纳米片的力学性能进行原位表征,利用Oliver-Pharr方法由加载.卸载曲线直接计算纳米片的硬度和弹性模量,经计算得知α-Al2O3纳米片的硬度值为26±5GPa,略高于单晶α-Al2O3块体材料;弹性模量为249+32GPa,仅相当于对应的单晶块体材料的55%左右。
简介:Ni-W-P-CeO2-SiO2nano-compositecoatingswerepreparedonthecarbonsteelsurfacebypulseco-depositionofnickel,tungsten,phosphorus,nano-CeO2andnano-SiO2particles.Theinfluenceofnano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolyteonmicrostructuresandpropertiesofthenano-compositecoatingswereresearched,andthecharacteristicswereassessedbychemicalcompositions,elementdistribution,depositionrate,microhardnessandmicrostructures.Theresultsindicatethatwhennano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolytearecontrolledat20g·L-1,thedepositionratewith27.07μm·h-1andthemicrohardnesswith666Hvofthenano-compositecoatingsarehighest,elementlinescanningandareascanninganalysesshowthattheaveragecontentsofelementsW,P,SiandCeinthenano-compositecoatingsareclose,displayingthatthedistributionofeveryelementwithinthenano-compositecoatingsiseven.Anincreaseinnano-SiO2particlesconcentrationsinelectrolyte(whenlowerthan20g·L-1)leadstorefinementingrainstructureofnano-compositecoatings,butwhenitimprovedto30g·L-1,thecrystallitesizesincreaseagainandinthemeantimetherearealotofsmallbosswithnodulationshapeappearingonthesurfaceofnano-compositecoatings.
简介:Ca8Mg(SiO4)4Cl2:Eu2+phosphordopedwithSr2+cationforCa2+partially,wassynthesizedbysolid-statereactionathightemperatureunderreducingatmosphere,anditsluminescentpropertieswereinvestigated.TheexperimentalresultsindicatethattheemissionintensityofthephosphorincreasesafterbeingdopedwithafewamountofSr2+ion.Theemissionpeakofthephosphorblueshifttoabout464nmwhenthephosphorisdopedwithlargequantityofSr2+ions.TheexcitationspectrumindicatesthatthephosphorcanbewellexcitedbyUVandbluelightfrom300to460nm,andthephosphorwasfittedwellfortheexcitationbyUVorblue-LED.
简介:CeZr,CeYZr,LaCeZr,LaCePrZr,LaCePrYZr,和LaCePr稳固的答案经由一起沉淀方法被准备,并且借助于X光检查衍射(XRD)和Brunauer-Emmett-Teller(赌注)技术描绘了。稳固的答案的氧存储能力(振荡)被脉搏技术评估,催化活动用一台4隧道催化作用设备被估计。稳固的答案介绍了立方的结构,这被看见。特定的表面区域和热稳定性能被做Y进稳固的答案提高。当做大量La减少了时,做La的小数量在热耐久性上有积极效果特定的表面区域和热稳定性。LaCePrZr和LaCePrYZr固体解决方案用在Nd抽取在特定的表面区域和热稳定性介绍了某个更高的值以后,与LaCePr充实的Baotou稀土元素矿物质残余综合了,当为汽车的经济催化剂用尽纯化,从而启用被过去常。ceria氧化锆固体答案的表面上的涂层Al2O3或SiO2层增加了特定的表面区域和热抵抗。