简介:Anintegratedmethodbasedonopticalanddigitalimageprocessingispresentedtosuppressspeckleindigitalholography.Aspatiallightmodulatorisadoptedtointroducerandomphasestotheilluminatingbeam.Multiplehologramsarereconstructedandsuperimposed,andtheintensityisaveragedtosmooththenoise.Theadaptivealgorithmbasedonthenonlocalmeansisdesignedtofurthersuppressthespeckle.Thepresentedmethodiscomparedwithothermethods.Theexperimentalresultsshowthatspecklereductionisimproved,andtheproposedmethodiseffectiveandfeasible.
简介:SinceMurakamidefinedearlygastriccancer(EGC)asa'carcinomalimitedtothegastricmucosaand/orsubmucosaregardlessofthelymphnodestatus',severalauthorshavefocusedonthemostinfluentialhistopathologicalparametersforpredictingthedevelopmentoflymphnodemetastasesbyconsideringthelymphnodestatusasanimportantprognosticfactor.AfewauthorshavealsoconsideredthedepthofinvasionasoneofthekeystoexplainingtheexistenceofsubgroupsofpatientsaffectedbyEGCwithpoorprognoses.Inanycase,EGCisstillconsideredaninitialphaseoftumorprogressionwithgoodprognosis.Theintroductionofmodernendoscopicdeviceshasallowedaprecisediagnosisofearlylesions,whichcanleadtoimproveddefinitionsoftumorsthatcanberadicallytreatedwithendoscopicmucosalresectionorendoscopicsubmucosaldissection(ESD).Giventhewidespreaduseofthesetechniques,theJapaneseGastricCancerAssociation(JGCA)identifiedin2011thestandardcriteriathatshouldexcludethepresenceoflymphnodemetastases.Atthattime,EGCswithnodalinvolvementshouldhavebeenassertedasnolongerfittingthedefinitionofanearlytumor.Someauthorshavealsodemonstratedthatthemorphologicalgrowthpatternofatumor,accordingtoKodama'sclassification,isoneofthemostimportantprognosticfactors,therebysuggestingtheneedtoreportitinhistopathologicaldrafts.NotwithstandingtheacquiredknowledgeregardingtheclinicalbehaviorofEGC,Murakami'sdefinitionisstillbeingused.Thisdefinitionneedstobeupgradedaccordingtothemodernstagingofthediseasesothattheappropriatetreatmentwouldbeselected.
简介:Thephotocurrent-voltagecharacteristicsandphotoelectricsensitivityofa-Si:Hsampleswithslitandcombelectrodesaremeasured.Amethodforcalculatingthechargeintensifyinggainfromthephotoelectricsensitivityisproposed.Theobtainedchargeintensifyinggainofa-Si:Hunderanelectricfieldof105V/cmthroughthismethodisashighas4.3×103.Thegenerationprocessofthechargeintensificationeffectina-Si:Hisdiscussedonthebasisoftheenergyleveldiagram.Andtheproductofelectron’smobilityanditslifetimeiscalculatedfromthemeasuredvaluesofthegains.
简介:这篇论文为遥远地察觉到的数据,结果的分类的模糊的度被作为由一个常规算法与那作比较减少聚类的fuzzyc工具描述一个改进算法:也就是说,分类精确性被增加。这被在单个班的水平合并协变性矩阵而非假定全球的完成。从一个爱丁堡郊外的陆地封面的一个模糊分类的实验结果为聚类的fuzzyc工具证实了新算法的改进性能,特别地当模糊也在假定参考书数据被提供时。
简介:Therehavebeenreportsformanyyearsthattheionosphereisverysensitivetoseismiceffects,andthedetectionofionosphericperturbationsassociatedwithearthquakes(EQs)attractsalotofattentionasaverypromisingcandidateforshort-termEQprediction.InthisreviewwepresentapossibleuseofVLF/LF(verylowfrequency(3-30kHz)/lowfrequency(30-300kHz))radiosoundingofseismo-ionosphericperturbations.Inordertoavoidtheoverlappingwithmyownpreviousreviews,wefirstshowsomepioneeringresultsfortheKobeEQandwetrytopresentthelatestresultsincludingthestatisticalevidenceonthecorrelationbetweentheVLF/LFpropagationanomalies(ionosphericperturbations)andEQs(especiallywithlargemagnitudeandwithshallowdepth),medium-distance(6-8Mm)propagationanomalies,thefluctuationspectraofsubionosphericVLF/LFdata(theeffectofatmosphericgravitywaves,theeffectofEarth’stides,etc.),andthemechanismoflithosphere-atmosphere-ionospherecoupling.Finally,weindicatethepresentsituationofthiskindofVLF/LFactivitiesgoingonindifferentpartsoftheglobeandwesuggesttheimportanceofinternationalcollaborationinthisseismo-electromagneticstudy.
简介:寝室里的小强最近迷上了“超级女声”,每天苦练K歌,不过他不是到KTV歌城去,而是在寝室里接上耳麦,对着他的电脑干嚎……于是晚饭后小强K歌时,寝室众弟兄就抱头鼠窜。