简介：长期的subduralhematoma(CSDH)的外科的管理仍然是的目的因为不清楚的病原的机制，一个争论问题，和标准治疗没在CSDH被建立。这份报纸的意愿是为CSDH发现一个简单、有效的外科的过程。有由外科的治疗的CSDH的448个病人的回顾的研究在2005～2009期间被进行以便比较在二个不同主要外科的方法之间的效率的方法，即没有在组A(n=178)和有在组B(n=270)的灌溉的一辘辘声洞的灌溉的扭曲练习排水。结果统计上被分析。操作在组A和组B评估的结果分别地是7.9%和11.9%。好结果率是88.8%和75.5%，复杂并发症分别地在组A和组B是7.9%和20.7%。结论有hematoma洞的灌溉的辘辘声洞排水不对结果和预后有益。灌溉不在为CSDH的外科的治疗是重要的。因此在起始的治疗，因为它相对安全、节省时间、划算，没有hematoma洞的灌溉的扭曲练习排水被推荐。

简介：Thewatersupplyanddrainagesystemisverycruciiilforfulfillinglhebasicneedsofhumanlife,llisalsooneoflliemostimporlantlifesupportingsvsiemsforurbanpopulations.Thetradilionalwatersupplysystemcanbeclassifiedindifferentways.Functionally,itisclassifiediiuotwosystems,i.e.,watersupplysystemandwaterdrainagesystem,whichworkseparatelyand

简介：Thepresent-daytopographyoftheItalianpeninsularesultsfromtheinteractionsbetweencrustal-mantleandsurfaceprocessesoccurringsincetheLateMiocene.Analysisofexhumationandcoolingofcrustalrocks,togetherwithQuaternarydrainageevolution,helpstounravelthetectonic-morphologicevolutionoftheApenninesbydistinguishingend-membermodels,andhencedescribingtheorogenicbeltevolution.Thepatternofregionaltopography,erosionalhistoryandpresent-daydistributionofactivedeformationsuggeststhattheeastwardmigratingextensional-compressionalpaireddeformationbeltsmaystillcontrolthetopogra-phyofthenorthernApennines,albeitatslowerratesthaninthepast.Conversely,Quaternarydrainageevo-lutioninthecentralandsouthernApenninessuggeststhatthetopographyoftheseregionsunderwentaQuaternaryregionalarching,whichisonlypartlycon-sistentwiththepersistingmigrationofthecompres-sional-extensionalpair.

简介：这篇论文使用地震危险分析方法让中国的城市在Daduhe排水区域在地震出现的概率上研究，在串联水坝系统是located.This的地方，研究基于中国(2001)的地震地面运动参数带状配列地图的潜在的地震来源计划，并且当地震出现model.Earthquake大小服从截断的指数的distribution.The，使用泊松分发潜在的se的空间分发功能

简介：现在的学习在Essouk河里调查作文和沉积的矿物学，在近似在上游的2km在黑人Kamber采矿地区在阿尔及利亚的东北定位了Guenitra水库。自从1976，矿被放弃，但是酸的排水水仍然是河污染的来源。粉末X光检查衍射(XRD)，与精力扫描电子显微镜学(SEM)散分析(EDX)，X荧光分析和红外线的光谱学分析被用来描绘在采矿自河附近在区域在各种各样的地点取样的表面沉积。获得的结果证明沉积的作文被铁和硫主要统治。在矿的附近，jarosite和schwertmannite是必需品猛抛。下游地，沉积被铁oxyhydroxydes的各种各样的阶段与吸附的硫酸盐的存在形成。

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简介：ObjectivesWedidaretrospectivestudytosummarizethesurgicalexperienceofanomalouspulmonaryvenousdrainage(APVD)correctionanddiscusseffectivewayofimprovingthesurgicaloutcome.MethodsFromJanuary1985toMay2008,127patients[56menand71women,aged14-55yearswithanaverageof(26.79±10.62)years]withAPVDunderwentsurgicaltreatments.Amongthem,13patientshadsimplepartialAPVDwithintactatrialseptum,104patientshadpartialAPVDwithatrialseptaldefectand10patientshadtotalAPVD.Seventy-onepatientsofthemaccompaniedwithothercardiacanomalieswhichwerealsocorrectedintheiroperations.ResultsOneearlyoperativedeathduetoseverelowcardiacoutputsyndrome(LCOS)developedpostoperatively,whichresultedinamortalityrateof0.78%.Amongotherpatients,10patientscomplicatedwithLCOS,11patientswitharrhythmia,7patientswithacuterenalfailureand4patientswithpoorwoundhealing,alldischargedfromhospitalaftertreatment.Postoperativeechocardiographyreexaminationrevealed1caseofmildresidualshuntinatrialseptumbutwithoutpulmonaryveinstenosis.ConclusionForrightatrialandventricleenlargedpatientswithorwithoutpulmonaryhypertension,surgeonsshouldbevigilanceofaccompaniedAPVDwhetheratrialseptaldefectsexistornot.Aslongasnocontraindicationsarefound,surgicaltreatmentshouldbeperformedonceaccuratediagnosisisobtained.

简介：摘要：在中介或先进的胰腺的头癌上改进辩解的效果。方法：手术与intermediated或先进的胰腺的头癌在26个病人被动。在癌上与一根电子横梁与intraoperative放射疗法相结合的Cholecystojejunostomy或choledochojejunostomy从1996年5月被执行到1998年5月。同时，多功能的可植入的药交货系统的导管为手术后的灌注化疗经由胃与十二指肠的动脉被插入。结果：327月后续调查建议肿瘤在治疗的功课以后在不同的度缩小了。所有病人疼痛被减轻。6月、12月、24月的幸存率是100%，93.9%和20%分别地。5个死了的病人的平均幸存时间是17.8个月。结论：这操作是很完成与中介或先进的胰腺的头癌延长病人的生活。

简介：BackgroundPleuraleffusionaftertheFontanoperationcontributessignificantlytomorbidityandprolongedhospitalization.Thepurposeofthepresentstudywastoinvestigatewhetherchesttubesplacedindifferentcavitiesduringthesurgerywouldcontributetothedrainageandalsotoevaluateriskfactorsofthoracicdrainagewithcentralvenouscatheteraftertotalcavopulmonaryconnectionintheeraofthecentralvenouscatheter.MethodsFromJanuary2009toJune2012,109consecutivepatientsunderwenttotalcavopulmonaryconnectionatGuangdongGeneralHospital.With102patientsforinvestigation,preoperative,intraoperativeandpostoperativefactorswereobtained.Thoracicdrainagewithcentralvenouscatheterwaswhenevernecessary.Durationofchesttubedrainageandtimeofthoracicdrainagewithcentralvenouscatheteraddeduptototaldurationofpleuraldrainage.BinarylogisticregressionusingforwardLRmethodwasappliedfortheanalysisoftheriskfactorsforthoracicdrainagewithcentralvenouscatheter.ResultsAftertotalcavopulmonaryconnection,comparedwithchesttubesplacedinsinglepleuralcavitywithorwithoutpericardialorretrosternalcavity,thoseinbothpleuralcavitiesseemedtohavethechanceoflongerhospitalstay(P=0.028).Noothersignificantdifferenceswereobtainedinfactorsofventilationtime,extubatedcentralvenouspressureinsuperiorvenacava,ICUstay,totaldurationofpleuraldrainage.Sildenafilwasthepreventivefactorforreducingcentralvenouspressureandpreventingfrompostoperativepleuraleffusion.ConclusionsAftertotalcavopulmonaryconnection,patientswithtubesplacedinbothpleuralcavitieswouldnothavethechanceofshortertotaldurationofpleuraldrainageandsurprisinglyturnsouttohavelongerhospitalstay.Sildenafilisapreventivefactorforthoracicdrainagewithcentralvenouscatheter.

简介：Thepartiallyfilledpipeflowsencounteredindrainagesystemsbelongtoafamilyofunsteadyflowproblemscapableofnumericalsolutionviathemethodofcharacteristics.Thedefiningequationsintermsofflowdepth,velocityandsurfacewavespeedaredevelopedandnumericallysolvedbycharacteristic-differencemethodwithtime-lineinterpolationscheme.Boundaryconditionsforinflow,outflow,movinghydraulicjumpandjunctionsaredevelopedbothexperimentallyandnumerically.Fullscalemodelexperimentswerecarriedoutanditwasconsequentlyclarifiedthatnumericalmodeliscapableofpredictingflowcharacteristicsinrealisticdrainagenetworks.

简介：瞄准：为了为内视镜的超声(EUS)比较结果，指导了清楚的液体的排水有脓肿的结果的胰腺的pseudocysts排水。方法：所有病人参考了因为一个液体集合的内视镜的排水有希望地被包括。结果被记录。结果：总的来说26pseudocysts或脓肿在25被对待(6女性)病人。一endoscopist执行了过程。非感染的pseudocysts在15个病人是在场的，10个病人感染了液体集合。包囊尺寸在28厘米漠?桴?潢瑴敬之间变化了吗？

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简介：Langshan，一座单斜晶的山，自从渐新世，开始高举，围住Hetao盆的西北边缘。活跃正常Langshan范围前面差错的连续活动在Langshan区域形成典型basin-and-range地形并且控制Langshan的地形进化。Langshan是一个理想的地方学习在量的geomorphological索引和活跃变丑之间的关系。根据knickpoints上的学习，在纵的隧道侧面和险峻索引上适合，我们证明隧道的规范的险峻索引的分发上的主要控制因素不是气候(降水)，岩性学，沉积流动，而是构造因素，或Langshan范围前面的活动指责。在东南胁腹的短隧道，其长度比16km短，可能仍然在非稳定的地位。如果不认为这些是短隧道，沿着Langshan范围前面差错的规范的险峻索引的分发象M形状模式一样出现，当在中间的节的规范的险峻索引比在两结束的那些高时。这个模式与Langshan范围前面差错的几何分割模型很好一致。在Langshan范围前面差错上联合以前的活跃构造研究，它表明Langshan范围前面差错在连接的阶段，我们现在相当推断Langshan范围前面差错是连接的结果两个都指责哪个双边地连续地独立地延长了。我们的构造geomorphological学习也支持Langshan范围前面差错在连接的阶段的结论。因为两个独立差错的连接，几knickpoints的形成可能被滑倒率变化由于构造因素引起了。基于上面的认知，我们也求婚了地质并且geomorphologicalLangshan范围前面差错的进化模型后来渐新世。

简介：DearSir,IamDr.Yin-HungChangfromtheDepartmentofOtolaryngology,TaipeiTzuChiHospital,theBuddhistTzuChiMedicalFoundation.Iwouldliketopresentacaseofinvertedpapillomawithcarcinomachangeoflacrimaldrainageapparatusandnasalcavitythathadbeensuccessfullytreatedbyendoscopicsurgery.Lacrimaldrainageapparatustumorsarerarebutimportant

简介：PhosphorussorptioncapacitywasinvestigatedinsurfacesedimentsderivedfromanabandonedzincleadminearealocatedinnortheasternAlgeria.Theformsandthedistributionofphosphorusintherawsedimentwereidentifiedusingthesequentialchemicalextractionsmethod.Batchexperimentsweredonetostudytheadsorptionkineticsandisotherms.ThepHeffectwasevaluatedbymacroscopicandinfraredanalyses.Inrawsediment,speciationresultsshowthatphosphorusisdominantlyboundtooxyhydroxides.Sorptionexperimentsdemonstratethatphosphorusuptakeisprincipallyrelatedtosedimentcomposition.Thenatureofthedominantironoxyhydroxidehasasubstantialroleintheadsorptioncapacityandthemechanisminteraction.TheadsorptionkineticscanbedescribedbythesecondorderandElovichmodels.TheisothermsdataaresuccessfullymodeledbytheTemkinequation.ThemaximumphosphorusremovalisreachedunderacidicpH.Spectroscopicanalysesrevealthatthepredominanceofjarositeimplieselectrostaticinteractionwithsedimentparticles.However,inthecaseofschwertmannitepredominance,phosphateionsareadsorbedbytheligandexchangemechanism.&2017InternationalResearchandTrainingCentreonErosionandSedimentation/theWorldAssociationforSedimentationandErosionResearch.PublishedbyElsevierB.V.Allrightsreserved.

简介：Moreaccurateestimationofcropevapotranspiration(ETc)inaregionalscalehasalwaysbeenoneofthemostimportantchallenges.TemporalandspatialmonitoringofETcusingsatelliteimagescanhelptoenhanceaccuracyofestimations.Inthisstudy,the(ETc)ricemapswereproducedbyusingstatistical/experimentalmethodsbasedoncropcoefficient(Kc)mapsderivedfromvegetationindex(VI).Kcwasestimatedusingfourmethods,includinglinearrelationshipbetweenKcandVI(Kc-VI),calibratedmodelofKc-VI,linearrelationshipbetweenKcb(thebasalcropcoefficient)andVI(Kcb-VI),andcalibratedmodelofKcb-VI.TheresultsshowedthatcalibratedmodelofKc-VIhadabetterperformancecomparedtotheothermethods,withnormalizedrootmeansquareerrors(NRMSE),meanabsoluteerrorandrootmeansquareerrorbeing5.7%,0.05mm/dand0.06mm/d,respectively.(ETc)ricemapswereproducedbyusingcalibratedmodelofKc-VIandreferenceevapotranspiration(ET0)fromFAOPenman-Monteithmethod.TheNRMSEwas21.3%forusingFAOPenman-Monteithmethod.Therefore,calibratedKc-VImodelincombiningwithET0basedontheLandsat7ETM+imagescouldbeprovidedagoodestimationof(ETc)riceinregionalscale,andcanbeappliedtoestimatewaterrequirementduetothefreeandfacilitateaccess.

简介：Sincethe1990s,theYellowRiverstreamhasbeentemporarilyinterruptedforseveralyears,whichaffectsthedevelopmentofsociety,theeconomyandhumanlife,limitstheeconomicpotentialofthedrainageareas,andespeciallycausesgreatharmtoregionsonthelowerreaches.Basedontheanalysisoftherelationshipbetweenthedevelopmentofsocietyandeconomyandwaterscarcity,theauthorthinksitisnecessarytooptimizeandadjusttheindustrialstructurethathasextravagantlyconsumedenormousamountsofwater,andtodevelopecologicalagriculture,industryandtourismwhicharebalancedwiththeecologicalenvironment.Finally,theauthorputsforwardseveralpiecesofadviceandcountermeasuresabouthowtobuildtheeconomicsystemsbywhichwatercanbeusedeconomically.

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简介：摘要Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) has both diagnostic and therapeutic clinical applications. This review article focuses on recent advances in two commonly performed procedures: EUS-guided tissue acquisition and EUS-guided drainage. There is a shift from acquiring aspirates for cytology to obtaining tissue cores for histological diagnoses and molecular analyses. There is growing interest and research about artificial intelligence in EUS. Artificial intelligence may potentially be useful to guide clinical decision making if biopsy results are non-diagnostic. The range of EUS-guided drainage procedures has expanded. EUS-guided drainage of walled-off pancreatic fluid collections is an accepted first line treatment option. EUS-guided palliative drainage of malignant biliary obstruction after unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is now an accepted alternative to percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage. EUS-guided gallbladder drainage for management of acute cholecystitis is now a preferred option over percutaneous cholecystostomy for non-surgical candidates. Other EUS-created gastrointestinal anastomoses such as EUS-guided gastroenterostomy in the context of gastric outlet obstruction, and EUS-directed transgastric ERCP for Roux-en-Y gastric bypass are now technically feasible, but further prospective randomized studies are needed to establish the actual clinical impact.