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简介：[ 摘要 ] 幼儿活动室凌乱不堪，区域材料摆放不整洁；墙上的物品损坏后，没有及时修补；学具柜面上、教师办公桌上堆满了各种各样的材料，活动室里的各个角落经常摆放着环境布置剩下的物品，想找件东西都觉得非常困难。相信这些常见的现象，每个幼儿园都存在。而这些现象极大地降低了教师的工作效率和质量，影响了教师日常工作的顺利开展，对幼儿良好行为习惯的培养也是有极大的影响。因此 ,在幼儿园推行 6S管理是非常重要的。

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简介：AbstractThe main treatments for Parkinson’s disease (PD) currently include surgery, rehabilitation, and most commonly, drug therapy. However, the drugs that are currently used to treat PD provide only symptomatic relief and delayed disease progression but have no curative effect and cause many adverse reactions. When considering pathogenic factors and metabolic regulation, PD and type 2 diabetes have a high rate of comorbidity; this provides a theoretical basis for the treatment of PD with first-line antidiabetic drugs. Among these agents, metformin reduces neuronal damage in the brains of PD patients via neuroprotection and the inhibition of oxidative stress and inflammatory responses, thus providing a novel strategy for the clinical treatment of PD. Here, we present the current state of knowledge about the use of metformin to treat PD and discuss its clinical prospects.

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简介：【摘要】回顾性分析 5例 Madelung’s病病人资料，探讨此病病因、临床表现及治疗方法。该病病因尚不清，常见于中年男性，肿块主要对称分布于头颈部及上躯干部，呈典型“牛颈”或“驼峰”样外观。手术切除为主要治疗方法。该病恶变率低、预后良好。

简介：AbstractObjective:To review indications and techniques for the endoscopic endonasal approach to the craniovertebral junction (CVJ), analyze postoperative outcomes, and discuss important technical considerations.Methods:A retrospective analysis was performed on all patients undergoing endonasal endoscopic approaches to the CVJ from May 2007 to June 2017. Demographic information, presenting symptoms, imaging results, treatment course, postoperative functional status, and follow-up were recorded.Results:There was a total of 30 patients in this series, with a mean follow-up of 11.7 months. The average age was 33.6 years (range, 5-75 years), with 18 females and 12 males. The majority of patients (n = 22, 73.3%) had Chiari malformation type 1 with basilar invagination and symptomatic cervicomedullary compression as the indication for surgery. Intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak (CSF) was noted in 3 cases of odontoid resection and a single case of skull base resection. There were no postoperative CSF leaks. Overall, 81% of patients resumed regular diet by post-operative day 2 (range, 0-8 days). Severe postoperative dysphagia occurred in two cases with one requiring gastrostomy tube placement and another utilizing total parenteral nutrition for support prior to eventual gastrostomy. On average, patients were extubated by postoperative day 0.93 (range 0-3 days), with 85% extubated by postoperative day 1. A tracheotomy was required in one patient.Conclusion:The endonasal endoscopic approach is a valuable technique for access to the CVJ with minimal disruption of respiratory and alimentary function.

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简介：AbstractPeyronie’s disease (PD) is a benign, progressive fibrotic disorder characterized by scar or plaques within the tunica albuginea (TA) of the penis. This study provides new insights into the pathogenesis of PD based on data from different studies regarding the roles of cytokines, cell signaling pathways, biochemical mechanisms, genetic factors responsible for fibrogenesis. A growing body of literature has shown that PD is a chronically impaired, localized, wound healing process within the TA and the Smith space. It is caused by the influence of different pathological stimuli, most often the effects of mechanical stress during sexual intercourse in genetically sensitive individuals with unusual anatomical TA features, imbalanced matrix metalloproteinase/tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (MMP/TIMP), and suppressed antioxidant systems during chronic inflammation. Other intracellular signal cascades are activated during fibrosis along with low expression levels of their negative regulators and transforming growth factor-β1 signaling. The development of multikinase agents with minimal side effects that can block several signal cell pathways would significantly improve fibrosis in PD tissues by acting on common downstream mediators.

简介：摘要目的分析非小细胞肺癌(NSCLC)患者人S100钙结合蛋白A8/钙粒蛋白A(S100A8)、S100A9、基质金属蛋白酶9(MMP-9)的表达及意义。方法将2017年1月至2020年1月于四川省眉山市人民医院就诊的16例NSCLC患者纳入NSCLC组进行回顾性研究，将同期20例肺部良性疾病患者作为良性组，另选同期20名健康受试者作为对照组。通过酶联免疫吸附法法测定3组血清S100A8、S100A9、MMP-9水平，经受试者工作特征曲线分析3项指标对NSCLC的诊断价值，并分析其与NSCLC病理特征的关系。结果NSCLC组血清S100A8、S100A9及MMP-9水平均>良性组>健康组，差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.05)；绘制受试者工作特征曲线结果显示，血清S100A8、S100A9预测NSCLC的曲线下面积(AUC)分别为0.953、0.977，诊断价值高；血清MMP-9预测NSCLC的AUC为0.846，诊断价值中等；经Spearman等级相关分析法发现，S100A8、S100A9、MMP-9表达均与组织分化程度呈负相关(P值均<0.05)，与TNM分期呈正相关(P值均<0.05)；且MMP-9表达与有无淋巴转移相关(r＝0.811，P<0.05)。结论NSCLC患者血清中S100A8、S100A9及MMP-9水平均呈高表达，且与组织分化程度、TNM分期等病理特征密切相关，可作为诊断NSCLC及评估预后的潜在分子标志物。

简介：        摘要：VOCs是英文（ volatile organic compounds）的缩写称谓，是指挥发性有机物的总量，一般包括：常压下， 沸点50℃至260℃的各种有机烃类化合物 。目前大部分科学家认定 VOCs是产生大气 PM2.5污染 和臭氧（ O 3 ） 的重要污染物 ，挥发性有机物“VOCs”的监测和治理已经 成为治理大气污染 的重要 任务， 环境保护部已开始 制定VOCs排放治理行动方案。为贯彻环境保护部《大气污染防治行动计划》和 《石化行业挥发性有机物综合整治方案》有关要求和工作部署，中国石油天然气集团公司编制了《 中国石油天然气集团公司挥发性有机物综合整治工作方案》。

简介：AbstractIntroduction:Erosive adenomatosis of the nipple is a rare benign lesion involving nipple which can be easily misdiagnosed as more ominous entities such as Pagets disease.Here we reported a case of erosive adenomatosis on the nipple masquerading as paget’s disease.Case presentation:A 21-year-old woman presented with a 6-year history of breast erythema involving her left nipple with tenderness and mild itching. The nipple appeared rough and thickened with areas of erosion and fissuring. Physical examination of other areas of breast as well as imaging studies including ultrasound and mammography showed no abnormalities. The histological examination reveal adiagnosis of erosive adenomatosis of nipple (EAN). The patient was treated by a simple surgical excision without complications and recurrence during 9-month follow-up.Discussion:In the early stage, it can mimic eczema, but in the later stage, more serious diagnosis such as Pagets disease should be differential. It is diagnosed by histopathological examination. Surgical excision is an optimal choice for treament with or without plastic reconstruction.Conclusion:EAN should be considered in the diagnosis of erythema and erosion lesions involving nipple. The gold standard for diagnosis is histopathological examination. A prompt and correct diagnosis of EAN can avoid both unnecessary over treatment and patients emotional stress.

简介：摘要：现场就是市场。一些老的大中型企业在厂房、设备、布局、职工的行为习惯上与新建企业存在较大差距的情况下,怎样谋求市场优势？笔者认为从改善生产现场的“6S”活动入手,通过生产现场不断地整理、整顿、清扫、清洁、修养,促进全员素养的提高,促进企业形象提升,认为老企业推行6S活动必须要领导重视、全员参与、以人为本、标准细化、加强检查、持续改善。

简介：摘要：目的：观察分析内镜附件 7s管理效果。方法：我院自 2018年 1月起开始在内镜附件管理中采用 7s管理模式，将 2018年 1-12月期间的内镜附件管理情况作为观察组、 2017年 1-12月期间的内镜附件管理情况作为对照组，观察对比两组的内镜附件检查质量评分和拿取内镜附件用时，同时调查对比两组医护人员的满意度评分。结果：对比两组的内镜附件检查质量评分显示观察组明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜ 0.05）。对比两组的拿取内镜附件用时显示观察组明显短于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜ 0.05）。对比两组医护人员的满意度评分显示观察组均明显高于对照组，差异具有统计学意义（ P＜ 0.05）。结论：在内镜附件管理中采用 7s管理模式的管理质量更高，值得推广。

简介：摘要目的探讨S100A8和S100A9在H.pylori相关胃炎中的表达及其临床意义。方法选择2018年10月至2019年5月在山西医科大学第一医院确诊的慢性胃炎患者101例。采用免疫组织化学法检测101例慢性胃炎患者胃黏膜组织中S100A8和S100A9的表达(以吸光度表示)，同时采用RT-PCR法检测其中48例患者胃黏膜组织S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达，并结合H-E染色病理诊断和临床H.pylori感染资料进行分析。统计学方法采用Mann-Whitney U检验、Kruskal-Wallis H检验和Spearman秩相关。结果101例患者中，慢性萎缩性胃炎(CAG)59例(CAG组)，慢性非萎缩性胃炎(NAG)42例(NAG组)；H.pylori阳性59例(H.pylori阳性组)，H.pylori阴性42例(H.pylori阴性组)。CAG组S100A8和S100A9的表达水平与NAG组比较[分别为0.10(0.07，0.13)比0.09(0.06，0.10)和0.13(0.08，0.15)比0.09(0.07，0.10)]，以及H.pylori阳性组S100A8和S100A9的表达水平与H.pylori阴性组比较[分别为0.11(0.10，0.13)比0.07(0.06，0.08)和0.13(0.10，0.15)比0.07(0.07，0.08)]，差异均有统计学意义(U＝754.00、602.00、5.00、40.00，P均<0.01)。CAG组中H.pylori阳性患者(34例)S100A8和S100A9的表达水平与阴性患者(25例)比较[分别为0.13(0.11，0.14)比0.07(0.07，0.08)和0.15(0.14，0.16)比0.08(0.08，0.09)]，以及NAG组中H.pylori阳性患者(25例)的S100A8和S100A9的表达水平与阴性患者(17例)比较[分别为0.10(0.09，0.10)比0.06(0.05，0.07)和0.10(0.10，0.11)比0.07(0.06，0.07)] ，差异均有统计学意义(U＝1.00、0.00、0.00、0.00，P均<0.01)。CAG合并H.pylori感染者的S100A8和S100A9的表达水平最高，NAG无H.pylori感染者的S100A8和S100A9表达水平最低，差异均有统计学意义(H＝84.78、89.64，P均<0.01)。CAG患者(24例)S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平与NAG患者(24例)比较[分别为0.12(0.06，1.31)比0.05(0.03，0.08)和0.19(0.03，0.43)比0.03(0.01，0.09)]，以及H.pylori阳性患者(24例)S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平与阴性患者(24例)比较[分别为0.45(0.10，1.90)比0.05(0.03，0.08)和0.36(0.24，0.81)比0.03(0.01，0.04)]，差异均有统计学意义(U＝55.00、74.00、19.00、2.00，P均<0.05)。CAG合并H.pylori阳性患者(12例)S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平与阴性患者(12例)比较[分别为0.85(0.27，2.28)比0.06(0.03，0.09)和0.39(0.25，0.87)比0.03(0.02，0.05)]，以及NAG合并H.pylori阳性患者(12例)S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平与阴性患者(12例)比较[分别为0.09(0.05，0.28)比0.04(0.03，0.07)和0.20(0.09，0.65)比0.01(0.01，0.03)，差异均有统计学意义(U＝5.00、2.00、0.00、0.00，P均<0.01)。CAG合并H.pylori感染者S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平最高，NAG无H.pylori感染者的S100A8和S100A9的mRNA表达水平最低，差异均有统计学意义(H＝20.43、24.15，P均<0.01)。S100A8和S100A9无论在蛋白质水平还是在mRNA水平的表达均呈正相关(r＝0.899和0.903，P均<0.01)。结论S100A8和S100A9可能参与H.pylori感染胃黏膜的致炎过程并促使胃黏膜上皮细胞增殖紊乱的发生，是H.pylori导致胃黏膜固有腺体减少和CAG发生的可能机制之一。S100A8和S100A9有望作为CAG诊断、随访生物标志物和治疗的潜在靶点。

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简介：摘要目的观察S100A8、S100A9蛋白在比格犬健康及实验性牙周炎组织中的表达分布特点。方法将6只比格犬的一侧下颌第二磨牙通过拴线法诱导实验性牙周炎模型（结扎组），另一侧下颌第二磨牙保持口腔卫生（健康对照组），应用免疫组化法检测S100A8、S100A9在6只比格犬健康及实验性牙周炎组织中的表达；免疫细胞化学法检测两种蛋白亚基在人牙龈成纤维细胞（human gingival fibroblasts，hGF）（来自3例牙冠延长术切除的牙龈组织）、人牙周膜细胞（human periodontal ligament cells，hPDLC）（来自3例因正畸拔除的前磨牙或第三磨牙的牙周膜细胞）中的表达。结果实验性牙周炎诱导第12周，结扎组探诊深度[（3.86±0.14）mm]显著高于健康对照组[（2.11±0.28）mm，P<0.01]；比格犬健康牙周组织中S100A8、S100A9主要表达于牙龈上皮细胞、中性粒细胞，且在结合上皮处呈强阳性表达；实验性牙周炎组织中除牙龈上皮、中性粒细胞外，两种蛋白还诱导表达于牙龈成纤维细胞、牙周膜细胞、微血管内皮细胞及骨髓成纤维细胞；hGF及hPDLC中均可检测到S100A8、S100A9的表达。结论实验性牙周炎使S100A8、S100A9的表达范围更大，表达S100A8、S100A9的细胞类型更多。

简介：摘要：美国华裔女作家汤亭亭的处女作《女勇士》自1976年发表以来，便引起国内外学者的广泛讨论。它不仅被看作一部文学作品，还被认为是美国研究、历史研究、女性主义研究、族裔属性研究和文化属性研究等领域的重要文化读本。本文试图对近几年国内外学者的讨论做一个综述，以此为基础探寻是否有其他方向的研究可能。