简介：ThegrainrefiningmechanismofC-Mnsteelsheetoncompactstripproduction(CSP)linewasinvestigatedinthisstudy.Thegrainwasabout100μmafterF1passanddecreasedallthewayoftherollingprocess(F2-F6)to15μm.Repeatedphasetransformationexperimentwasconductedtothesteelforgrainrefinement.Thephasetransformationat860℃and920℃canrefinethegrainsizeto7.5μm.

简介：Underpressured水库在Huatugou是普遍的()油矿西方在Qaidam盆高举，西方的中国。在在462和1248m之间的深度，在Huatugou油矿的晚第三纪水库的压力仅仅是大约40%～80%静水力学的压力。基于这些underpressured水库的地质的特征的研究，这个工作使用了液体包括分析和数字模拟调查创造这些反常压力的机制并且评估烃分发的特征。结果证明underpressured水库由undercompacted和厚mudrocks是全封上得好的。大规模构造在晚喜玛拉雅的戏高举在在Huatugou油矿的underpressure的产生的一个重要角色。在这个运动的开始，地由于阵发性的石油累积是overpressured。后来，结构高举并且侵蚀导致了多孔的反弹和温度减少，它生产了underpressure。

简介：二进制Al-Si合金上的精确试验性的观察的结果被介绍，它清楚地证明裂开的团结是在一部显微镜的intergranular液体电影的宏观的张力的排水量的累积的结果在焊接金属团结的最后的阶段分离。裂缝开始的重建的机制提供在裂开的危险性之间的一种清楚的现象学的相互关系，焊接进程的参数和库和filler材料的性质。通信员数字模型考虑排水量累积的效果以及thermodynamical的影响和焊接材料的thermo机械的性质。它成功地被申请为在铝合金AA6056焊接期间裂开的团结的消除的工艺的工具的开发，例如焊接的一根多横梁。

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简介：ItwasgenerallyconsideredthatcontaminationofthegeltypepolystyrenestrongbasicanionexchangeresinbyorganicmatterinnaturalwateristheresultofionexchangeandVanderwaal′sadsorptiononit.Onthebasisoflaboratoryandindustrialexperiments,thispaperconfirmedthattheinterreactionbetweenorganicmatterandresinpolymermatrixisprimarilycontroledbyaVanderwaal′sadsorption.

简介：Atotalof116patientswithseverecraniocerebralinjurywerehospitalizedinourdepartmentfromFebruary1998toFebruary2001.Amongthem,92patientssufferedfromintracranialhematomadiagnosedbyCTscanandprovedbyoperations.

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简介：AbstractIn subarachnoid hemorrhage following traumatic brain injury (TBI), the high intracisternal pressure drives the cerebrospinal fluid into the brain parenchyma, causing cerebral edema. Basal cisternostomy involves opening the basal cisterns to atmospheric pressure and draining cerebrospinal fluid in an attempt to reverse the edema. We describe a case of basal cisternostomy combined with decompressive craniectomy. A 35-year-old man with severe TBI following a road vehicle accident presented with acute subdural hematoma, Glasgow coma scale score of 6, fixed pupils and no corneal response. Opening of the basal cisterns and placement of a temporary cisternal drain led to immediate relaxation of the brain. The patient had a Glasgow coma scale score of 15 on postoperative day 6 and was discharged on day 10. We think basal cisternostomy is a feasible and effective procedure that should be considered in the management of TBI.

简介：AbstractBlunt traumatic tracheobronchial injury is rare, but can be potentially life-threatening. It accounts for only 0.5%-2% of all trauma cases. Patients may present with non-specific signs and symptoms, requiring a high index of suspicion with accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. A 26-year-old female was brought into the emergency department after sustained a blunt trauma to the chest from a high impact motor vehicle accident. She presented with signs of respiratory distress and extensive subcutaneous emphysema from the chest up to the neck. Her airway was secured and chest drain was inserted for right sided pneumothorax. CT of the neck and thorax revealed a collapsed right middle lung lobe with a massive pneumothorax, raising the suspicion of a right middle lobe bronchus injury. Diagnosis was confirmed by bronchoscopy. In view of the difficulty in maintaining her ventilation and persistent pneumothorax with a massive air leak, immediate right thoracotomy via posterolateral approach was performed. The right middle lobar bronchus tear was repaired. There were no intra- or post-operative complications. She made an uneventful recovery. She was asymptomatic at her first month follow-up. A repeated chest X-ray showed expanded lungs. Details of the case including clinical presentation, imaging and management were discussed with an emphasis on the early uses of bronchoscopy in case of suspected blunt traumatic tracheobronchial injury. A review of the current literature of tracheobronchial injury management was presented.

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简介：AbstractObjective:Endoscopic approaches for sinus and skull base surgery are increasing in popularity. The objective of this narrative review is to characterize risk factors for internal carotid artery injury in endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES), highlight preventative measures, and illustrate key management principles.Data Sources:Comprehensive literature review.Methods:Relevant literature was reviewed using PubMed/MEDLINE.Results:Carotid artery injury in EES is rare, with most studies reporting an incidence below 0.1%. Anatomic aberrancies, wide dissection margins, as well as specific provider and hospital factors, may increase the risk of injury. Multidisciplinary teams, comprehensive preoperative imaging, patient risk assessment, and formal training in vascular emergencies may reduce the risk. Management protocols should emphasize proper visualization of the injury site, fluid replacement, rapid packing, angiography, and endovascular techniques to achieve hemostasis.Conclusions:While EES is a relatively safe procedure, carotid artery injury is a devastating complication that warrants full consideration in surgical planning. Important preventative measures include identifying patients with notable risk factors and obtaining preoperative imaging. Multidisciplinary teams and management protocols are ultimately necessary to reduce morbidity and mortality.

简介：客观：为了在对待多重损伤探索技工al通风(MV)的重要性，主要与服的损害伴随了并且改进治疗水平。方法：受不了伴有主要服的损害的多重损伤的所有116个病人被分析。等级相关和Chi平方测试与GCS在MV之间被做，ISS，并且是否震惊。结果：MV与GCS被相关，ISS分数，并且是否显著地震惊。而且，什么时候GCSor=35，MV的比率是大约85%。结论：在伴有服的损害的多重损伤的治疗期间，原则“早MV，早撤退”并且“个人主义”应该被坚持。为伴有吃惊的病人，最佳偷看是很重要的。合适、活跃的MV是很重要的并且能显著地改进治疗水平。

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简介：AbstractPurpose:Gunshot wounds are the second leading cause of spinal cord injuries. Surgical intervention for gunshot injury to the spine carries a high rate of complications. There is a scarcity of data on civilian gunshot injuries to the spine in Pakistan. Approximately 60 cases over the last 10 years have been recoded, with unusual presentation and neurological recovery. Thus it is imperative to fill this gap in data, by reviewing cases of civilian gunshot injuries to spine presenting at a tertiary care hospital (Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi).Methods:This is a retrospective cohort study. Patients of all ages who presented to the emergency department of Aga Khan University Hospital, with gunshot injuries to spine between January 2005 and December 2016 were included in the study. Data were collected on neurological status (American Spinal Injury Association score was used for the initial and follow-up neurological assessment), extent of cord transection, motor and sensory deficits. The patients were further grouped into those with cord transection, and those with fractures of the bony spine but an intact spinal cord. These patients were then followed and the outcomes were recorded.Results:A total of 40 patients were identified. The mean ± SD of patients age was (30.9 ± 9.5) years. Of the 40 patients with gunshot wounds, 31 had the medical imaging performed at the facility, and hence they were included in this categorization. The remaining 9 patients were excluded from this additional grouping. Thirteen patients were managed surgically and 27 patients underwent the conservative management. The mean ± SD of follow-up was (8.7 ± 7.2) months. In our study, the thoracic spine was the most commonly injured region in gunshot injuries. Of the 31 patients with medical imaging performed at our institute, 17 (54.8%) had cord transection, of whom 8 (47%) ultimately developed paraplegia.Conclusion:The prognosis of gunshot injuries to the spine can be varied depending on whether the spinal cord is intact or transected. This will help healthcare providers to plan the further management of the patient and counsel them accordingly.

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简介：Curativetherapyforspinalcordinjury(SCI)remainselusive,howeveridentifyingoptionsfortailoredtreatmentstrategiesisinfullswing.Likeinthebraintherearedistinctregionsintheadultspinalcordthatharborneuralprogenitorcells(NPCs)(Horneretal.,2000).Thisoffersthepossibilityofrecruitingthesecellsinreparativeapproachestosupportendogenousspinalcordregenerativecapacities.Hereby,one

简介：AbstractPurpose:To explore the significance of traditional vascular reconstruction and covered stent for limb salvage after subclavian artery injury.Methods:Patients with subclavian artery injury admitted to Beijing Jishuitan Hospital from January 2010 to December 2018 were retrospectively analyzed. All the injuries have been confirmed by intraoperative exploration, computed tomography angiography or digital subtraction angiography. Complete or partial amputation injuries were excluded. Mild artery defect or partial intimal damage was treated by inter-ventional implantation, while other patients received open surgeries, including direct suture of small defect less than 2 cm and transplantation with autologous vein or artificial blood when the defect was more than 2 cm. Patients were divided into open surgery group and stent implantation group based on the treatment they received. Patients were followed up at 2 weeks (first stage) and 6 months (second stage) after operation to investigate limb salvage. Student's t-test was used to compare the general data between two groups and Chi-square test to analyze the rate of limb salvage.Results:Altogether 50 cases of subclavian artery injury were treated, including 36 cases of open surgery and 14 cases of stent implantation. Combination of nerve injury was observed in 27 cases (75.0%) in open surgery group and 12 cases (85.7%) in stent implantation group. Amputation developed in 3 cases with open surgery and 1 case with stent implantation. Consequently the rate of successful limb salvage was respectively 91.7% (33/36) and 92.9% (13/14), revealing no significant difference (p > 0.05).Conclusion:Rapid reconstruction of blood circulation is crucial following subclavian artery injury, no matter what kinds of treatment strategies have been adopted. Interventional stent implantation can achieve a good effect for limb salvage.