简介:CaSiofx-4500p计算器的各种功能较之fx-3600p、fx—180p等有了长足的进步。该机最大步骤数为1103步,具有转移和子程序功能,用以复杂的重复计算。该机不失为现场测量人员选用的较好机型,现简介如下:
简介:ThefractalcharacteristicsofthecanopystructureofB.gvmnorrhizapopulationareinvestigatedbyfractaldimensionanalysisintheNationalShankouMangroveNatureReserve.The3-year-oldbrancheshaveboxdimensionsbetween1.22and1.55,showingthecomplexitydegreeofbranchingstructureandtheabilityofoccupyingandutilizingecologicalspace.ItmaybeconsideredthatfractaldimensionprovidesausefulindexforthestudyoflightutilizationefficienciesandgrowthprocessesofB.gymnorrhiza.Calculatedbyusingthetwo-surfacemethod,thefractaldimensionsforthecrownpatternofindividualswithagesof20to50yearsrangefrom2.21to2.54,indicatingthatthefillingdegreeoffoliagetoatreecrownisrelativelylowandB.gymnorrhizahasthepropertyofasunplant.Alongwiththeincreaseofagesofindividuals,thefillingdegreeoffoliagetoatreecrownchangesfromhightolow,andsodoesthefractaldimension.Theboxdimensionsobtainedfromthegrayscalecurvesofpopulationcanopyarebetween1.47and1.61.Thegreatertheboxdimension,themorelooselyorganizedthecanopyspatialstructure,andthemorethelightspots.Thecanopystructuralinformationandcomplexityofapopulationcanbeeffectivelycapturedbyboxdimensionsobtainedfromcanopygrayscalecurves.
简介:L波段雷达经过多年业务运行,故障频发,极易造成记录缺测或中断。如何在故障出现时完成观测任务,保证气象数据准确和完整,值班员的应急处置方法及时得当显得尤为重要。在总结经验的基础上,以西安泾河站2017年11月23日02时的一次L波段雷达系统突发性故障为例,从故障研判、仪器准备、数据观测、记录处理、编发报文等方面详细记录了单独测风应急观测业务流程和操作技巧,供同行参考。
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简介:AMW6.4earthquakeoccurredinL'Aquila,centralItalyat1:32:42(UTC),April6,2009.WequicklyobtainedthemomenttensorsolutionoftheearthquakebyinvertingthePwaveformsofbroadbandrecordingsfromtheglobalseismographicnetwork(GSN)stationsusingthequicktechniqueofmomenttensorinversion,andfurtherinferredthatthenodalplaneofstrike132°,dip53°andrake-103°istheseismogenicfault.
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简介:Basedonwaveformdata,severalmethodstodeterminefocalmechanismsofsmallearthquakesweredevelopedsince1980.Kisslinger(1980)andJulian,Foulger(1996)proposedanapproachtodeterminesolutionbyusingamplituderatioofPandSwave.Schwartz(1995)devisedamethodtodeterminesolutionsbytheuseofpolaritydataandamplitudesofseismogramenvelopes.Amplitudesofshortperiodseismicwavespropagatinginaninhomogene-ousmediumaresensitivetothevariationinvelocityandQstructure.Nakamura,etal(1999)tookmediuminhomo-geneityintoaccountindeterminingfocalmechanismsofsmallearthquakesusingwaveformdata.Ifthelocationsofsmallearthquakesareconcentratedinasmallregion,wecanassumethattheraypathsfromtheeventstoagivenstationarealmostthesame.SoPandSwaveattenuationsareindependentofeventlocations.Inthiscaseitiscon-venienttodeterminefocalmechanismsoftheseeventsbyusingshortperiodPandSwavedataj.Focalmechanismsolutionsofsmallearthquakesin5regions,i.e.,Rongchang,Mabian-Muchuan,Ya¢an,BaoxingandMianzhu,whicharecoveredbytheChengduTelemeteredNetwork,areobtainedbyanalyzingthePpolarityandshortbodywaveamplitudedatarecordedinthenetworksince1992.AccordingtothemethodproposedbyGephartandForsyth(1984),basedonwelldeterminedfocalmechanismsolutionsin15sub-zonesofSichuanandYunnanarea,threeprincipalstresstensorss1,s2,ands3,insteadofaveragesofP,B,andTaxisofthesolutions,aredeterminedtorepresenttheregionalstressfielddistribution.
简介:PnarrivaltimedataarecollectedfromthebulletinsofbothnationalandregionalseismologicalnetworkinChina.ThesedataaretomographicallyinvertedtomapthelateralvariationandanisotropyofPnvelocityinthenortheasternmarginalregionofQinghai-Xizangplateau.TheaveragePnvelocityinthisregionis8.09km/s,beingalittlehigherthantheaverageforwholeChina.HighervelocityisfoundintectonicallystableQaidambasin,whilelowervelocityisseeninandaroundtectonicallyactiveShanxigraben.Theregionwherethe1920HaiyuangreatearthquakeoccurredshowsaslightlylowPnvelocity.Anoticeableresultisthat,differingfromthetectonicallycompressiveTianshanregion,wherePnvelocityislow,theQilianshanregion,wheretheNeotectonicdeformationisalsoprimarilycompressive,showshighPnvelocity.IntheuppermostmantlebeneaththeOrdosplateauPnvelocityisinhomogeneous,varyingfromhighervelocityinsouthwesternparttoloweroneinnortheasternpart.ThismaybeattributedtopossiblemovementoftheOrdosblock,astherearestrongearthquakesallaroundtheblock.